The match_phrase query analyzes the text and creates a phrase query out of the analyzed text. For example:

GET /_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "message": "this is a test"
    }
  }
}

A phrase query matches terms up to a configurable slop (which defaults to 0) in any order. Transposed terms have a slop of 2.

The analyzer can be set to control which analyzer will perform the analysis process on the text. It defaults to the field explicit mapping definition, or the default search analyzer, for example:

GET /_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "message": {
        "query": "this is a test",
        "analyzer": "my_analyzer"
      }
    }
  }
}

This query also accepts zero_terms_query, as explained in match query.