NetworkX 1.0#

Release date: 8 Jan 2010

Version 1.0 requires Python 2.4 or greater.

New features#

This release has significant changes to parts of the graph API to allow graph, node, and edge attributes. See http://networkx.lanl.gov/reference/api_changes.html

  • Update Graph, DiGraph, and MultiGraph classes to allow attributes.

  • Default edge data is now an empty dictionary (was the integer 1)

  • Difference and intersection operators

  • Average shortest path

  • A* (A-Star) algorithm

  • PageRank, HITS, and eigenvector centrality

  • Read Pajek files

  • Line graphs

  • Minimum spanning tree (Kruskal’s algorithm)

  • Dense and sparse Fruchterman-Reingold layout

  • Random clustered graph generator

  • Directed scale-free graph generator

  • Faster random regular graph generator

  • Improved edge color and label drawing with Matplotlib

  • and much more, see https://networkx.lanl.gov/trac/query?status=closed&group=milestone&milestone=networkx-1.0

Examples#

  • Update to work with networkx-1.0 API

  • Graph subclass example

Version numbering#

In the future we will use a more standard release numbering system with major.minor[build] labels where major and minor are numbers and [build] is a label such as “dev1379” to indicate a development version or “rc1” to indicate a release candidate.

We plan on sticking closer to a time-based release schedule with smaller incremental changes released on a roughly quarterly basis. The graph classes API will remain fixed, unless we determine there are serious bugs or other defects in the existing classes, until networkx-2.0 is released at some time in the future.

Changes in base classes#

The most significant changes in are in the graph classes. All of the graph classes now allow optional graph, node, and edge attributes. Those attributes are stored internally in the graph classes as dictionaries and can be accessed simply like Python dictionaries in most cases.

Graph attributes#

Each graph keeps a dictionary of key=value attributes in the member G.graph. These attributes can be accessed directly using G.graph or added at instantiation using keyword arguments.

>>> G=nx.Graph(region='Africa')
>>> G.graph['color']='green'
>>> G.graph
{'region': 'Africa', 'color': 'green'}

Node attributes#

Each node has a corresponding dictionary of attributes. Adding attributes to nodes is optional.

Add node attributes using add_node(), add_nodes_from() or G.node

>>> G.add_node(1, time='5pm')
>>> G.add_nodes_from([3], time='2pm')
>>> G.node[1]  
{'time': '5pm'}
>>> G.node[1]['room'] = 714  
>>> G.nodes(data=True)  
[(1, {'room': 714, 'time': '5pm'}), (3, {'time': '2pm'})]

Edge attributes#

Each edge has a corresponding dictionary of attributes. The default edge data is now an empty dictionary of attributes and adding attributes to edges is optional.

A common use case is to add a weight attribute to an edge:

>>> G.add_edge(1,2,weight=3.14159)

Add edge attributes using add_edge(), add_edges_from(), subscript notation, or G.edge.

>>> G.add_edge(1, 2, weight=4.7 )
>>> G.add_edges_from([(3,4),(4,5)], color='red')
>>> G.add_edges_from([(1,2,{'color':'blue'}), (2,3,{'weight':8})])
>>> G[1][2]['weight'] = 4.7
>>> G.edge[1][2]['weight'] = 4

Methods changed#

Graph(), DiGraph(), MultiGraph(), MultiDiGraph()#

Now takes optional keyword=value attributes on initialization.

>>> G=nx.Graph(year='2009',city='New York')

add_node()#

Now takes optional keyword=value attributes or a dictionary of attributes.

>>> G.add_node(1,room=714)

add_nodes_from()#

Now takes optional keyword=value attributes or a dictionary of attributes applied to all affected nodes.

>>> G.add_nodes_from([1,2],time='2pm')  # all nodes have same attribute

add_edge()#

Now takes optional keyword=value attributes or a dictionary of attributes.

>>> G.add_edge(1, 2, weight=4.7 )

add_edges_from()#

Now takes optional keyword=value attributes or a dictionary of attributes applied to all affected edges.

>>> G.add_edges_from([(3,4),(4,5)], color='red')
>>> G.add_edges_from([(1,2,{'color':'blue'}), (2,3,{'weight':8})])

nodes() and nodes_iter()#

New keyword data=True|False keyword determines whether to return two-tuples (n,dict) (True) with node attribution dictionary

>>> G=nx.Graph([(1,2),(3,4)])
>>> G.nodes(data=True)  
[(1, {}), (2, {}), (3, {}), (4, {})]

copy()#

Now returns a deep copy of the graph (copies all underlying data and attributes for nodes and edges). Use the class initializer to make a shallow copy:

>>> G=nx.Graph()
>>> G_shallow=nx.Graph(G) # shallow copy
>>> G_deep=G.copy() # deep copy

to_directed(), to_undirected()#

Now returns a deep copy of the graph (copies all underlying data and attributes for nodes and edges). Use the class initializer to make a shallow copy:

>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> D_shallow = nx.DiGraph(G) # shallow copy
>>> D_deep = G.to_directed() # deep copy

subgraph()#

With copy=True now returns a deep copy of the graph (copies all underlying data and attributes for nodes and edges).

>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> # note: copy keyword deprecated in networkx>1.0
>>> # H = G.subgraph([],copy=True)  # deep copy of all data

add_cycle(), add_path(), add_star()#

Now take optional keyword=value attributes or a dictionary of attributes which are applied to all edges affected by the method.

>>> G = nx.Graph()
>>> G.add_path([0, 1, 2, 3], width=3.2)

Methods removed#

delete_node()#

The preferred name is now remove_node().

delete_nodes_from()#

No longer raises an exception on an attempt to delete a node not in the graph. The preferred name is now remove_nodes_from().

delete_edge()#

Now raises an exception on an attempt to delete an edge not in the graph. The preferred name is now remove_edge().

delete_edges_from()#

The preferred name is now remove_edges_from().

has_neighbor():

Use has_edge()

get_edge()#

Renamed to get_edge_data(). Returns the edge attribute dictionary.

The fastest way to get edge data for edge (u,v) is to use G[u][v] instead of G.get_edge_data(u,v)

Members removed#

directed, multigraph, weighted#

Use methods G.is_directed() and G.is_multigraph(). All graphs are weighted graphs now if they have numeric values in the ‘weight’ edge attribute.

Methods added#

add_weighted edges_from()#

Convenience method to add weighted edges to graph using a list of 3-tuples (u,v,weight).

get_edge_data()#

Renamed from get_edge().

The fastest way to get edge data for edge (u,v) is to use G[u][v] instead of G.get_edge_data(u,v)

is_directed()#

replaces member G.directed

is_multigraph()#

replaces member G.multigraph

Classes Removed#

LabeledGraph, LabeledDiGraph#

These classes have been folded into the regular classes.

UbiGraph#

Removed as the ubigraph platform is no longer being supported.

Additional functions/generators#

ego_graph, stochastic_graph, PageRank algorithm, HITS algorithm, GraphML writer, freeze, is_frozen, A* algorithm, directed scale-free generator, random clustered graph.

Converting your existing code to networkx-1.0#

Weighted edges#

Edge information is now stored in an attribution dictionary so all edge data must be given a key to identify it.

There is currently only one standard/reserved key, ‘weight’, which is used by algorithms and functions that use weighted edges. The associated value should be numeric. All other keys are available for users to assign as needed.

>>> G=nx.Graph()
>>> G.add_edge(1,2,weight=3.1415) # add the edge 1-2 with a weight
>>> G[1][2]['weight']=2.3 # set the weight to 2.3

Similarly, for direct access the edge data, use the key of the edge data to retrieve it.

>>> w = G[1][2]['weight']

All NetworkX algorithms that require/use weighted edges now use the ‘weight’ edge attribute. If you have existing algorithms that assumed the edge data was numeric, you should replace G[u][v] and G.get_edge(u,v) with G[u][v][‘weight’].

An idiom for getting a weight for graphs with or without an assigned weight key is

>>> w= G[1][2].get('weight',1)  # set w to 1 if there is no 'weight' key