OpenAI GPT model was proposed in Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training by Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans and Ilya Sutskever. It’s a causal (unidirectional) transformer pre-trained using language modeling on a large corpus will long range dependencies, the Toronto Book Corpus.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
Natural language understanding comprises a wide range of diverse tasks such as textual entailment, question answering, semantic similarity assessment, and document classification. Although large unlabeled text corpora are abundant, labeled data for learning these specific tasks is scarce, making it challenging for discriminatively trained models to perform adequately. We demonstrate that large gains on these tasks can be realized by generative pretraining of a language model on a diverse corpus of unlabeled text, followed by discriminative fine-tuning on each specific task. In contrast to previous approaches, we make use of task-aware input transformations during fine-tuning to achieve effective transfer while requiring minimal changes to the model architecture. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a wide range of benchmarks for natural language understanding. Our general task-agnostic model outperforms discriminatively trained models that use architectures specifically crafted for each task, significantly improving upon the state of the art in 9 out of the 12 tasks studied.
Write With Transformer is a webapp created and hosted by Hugging Face showcasing the generative capabilities of several models. GPT is one of them.
This model was contributed by thomwolf. The original code can be found here.
Note:
If you want to reproduce the original tokenization process of the OpenAI GPT paper, you will need to install ftfy
and SpaCy:
pip install spacy ftfy==4.4.3 python -m spacy download en
If you don’t install ftfy and SpaCy, the OpenAIGPTTokenizer will default to tokenize
using BERT’s BasicTokenizer followed by Byte-Pair Encoding (which should be fine for most usage, don’t worry).
A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with OpenAI GPT. If you’re interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we’ll review it! The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource.
( vocab_size = 40478 n_positions = 512 n_embd = 768 n_layer = 12 n_head = 12 afn = 'gelu' resid_pdrop = 0.1 embd_pdrop = 0.1 attn_pdrop = 0.1 layer_norm_epsilon = 1e-05 initializer_range = 0.02 summary_type = 'cls_index' summary_use_proj = True summary_activation = None summary_proj_to_labels = True summary_first_dropout = 0.1 **kwargs )
Parameters
int, optional, defaults to 40478) —
Vocabulary size of the GPT-2 model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
inputs_ids passed when calling OpenAIGPTModel or TFOpenAIGPTModel. int, optional, defaults to 512) —
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048). int, optional, defaults to 768) —
Dimensionality of the embeddings and hidden states. int, optional, defaults to 12) —
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder. int, optional, defaults to 12) —
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder. str or Callable, optional, defaults to "gelu") —
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, "gelu",
"relu", "silu" and "gelu_new" are supported. float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler. int, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout ratio for the embeddings. float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout ratio for the attention. float, optional, defaults to 1e-05) —
The epsilon to use in the layer normalization layers float, optional, defaults to 0.02) —
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices. str, optional, defaults to "cls_index") —
Argument used when doing sequence summary, used in the models OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel and
OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.
Has to be one of the following options:
"last": Take the last token hidden state (like XLNet)."first": Take the first token hidden state (like BERT)."mean": Take the mean of all tokens hidden states."cls_index": Supply a Tensor of classification token position (like GPT/GPT-2)."attn": Not implemented now, use multi-head attention.bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Argument used when doing sequence summary, used in the models OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel and
OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.
Whether or not to add a projection after the vector extraction.
str, optional) —
Argument used when doing sequence summary, used in the models OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel and
OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.
Pass "tanh" for a tanh activation to the output, any other value will result in no activation.
bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Argument used when doing sequence summary, used in the models OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel and
OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.
Whether the projection outputs should have config.num_labels or config.hidden_size classes.
float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
Argument used when doing sequence summary, used in the models OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel and
OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.
The dropout ratio to be used after the projection and activation.
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a OpenAIGPTModel or a TFOpenAIGPTModel. It is used to instantiate a GPT model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the GPT openai-community/openai-gpt architecture from OpenAI.
Configuration objects inherit from PretrainedConfig and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the documentation from PretrainedConfig for more information.
Examples:
>>> from transformers import OpenAIGPTConfig, OpenAIGPTModel
>>> # Initializing a GPT configuration
>>> configuration = OpenAIGPTConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the configuration
>>> model = OpenAIGPTModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config( vocab_file merges_file unk_token = '<unk>' **kwargs )
Construct a GPT Tokenizer. Based on Byte-Pair-Encoding with the following peculiarities:
SpaCy tokenizer and ftfy for pre-BPE tokenization if they are installed, fallback to BERT’s
BasicTokenizer if not.This tokenizer inherits from PreTrainedTokenizer which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to this superclass for more information regarding those methods.
( vocab_file = None merges_file = None tokenizer_file = None unk_token = '<unk>' **kwargs )
Construct a “fast” GPT Tokenizer (backed by HuggingFace’s tokenizers library). Based on Byte-Pair-Encoding with the following peculiarities:
This tokenizer inherits from PreTrainedTokenizerFast which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to this superclass for more information regarding those methods.
( loss: Optional = None mc_loss: Optional = None logits: FloatTensor = None mc_logits: FloatTensor = None hidden_states: Optional = None attentions: Optional = None )
Parameters
torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) —
Language modeling loss. torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when mc_labels is provided) —
Multiple choice classification loss. torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) —
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax). torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) —
Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choice before SoftMax). tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) —
Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of
shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) —
Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
Base class for outputs of models predicting if two sentences are consecutive or not.
( logits: tf.Tensor = None mc_logits: tf.Tensor = None hidden_states: Tuple[tf.Tensor] | None = None attentions: Tuple[tf.Tensor] | None = None )
Parameters
tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) —
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax). tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) —
Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choice before SoftMax). tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) —
Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) —
Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
Base class for outputs of models predicting if two sentences are consecutive or not.
( config )
Parameters
The bare OpenAI GPT transformer model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_ids: Optional = None attention_mask: Optional = None token_type_ids: Optional = None position_ids: Optional = None head_mask: Optional = None inputs_embeds: Optional = None output_attentions: Optional = None output_hidden_states: Optional = None return_dict: Optional = None ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The OpenAIGPTModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTModel
>>> import torch
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)
>>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state( config )
Parameters
OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling head on top (linear layer with weights tied to the input embeddings).
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_ids: Optional = None attention_mask: Optional = None token_type_ids: Optional = None position_ids: Optional = None head_mask: Optional = None inputs_embeds: Optional = None labels: Optional = None output_attentions: Optional = None output_hidden_states: Optional = None return_dict: Optional = None ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for language modeling. Note that the labels are shifted inside the model, i.e. you can set
labels = input_ids Indices are selected in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] All labels set to -100
are ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size] Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs, labels=inputs["input_ids"])
>>> loss = outputs.loss
>>> logits = outputs.logits( config )
Parameters
OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling and a multiple-choice classification head on top e.g. for RocStories/SWAG tasks. The two heads are two linear layers. The language modeling head has its weights tied to the input embeddings, the classification head takes as input the input of a specified classification token index in the input sequence).
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_ids: Optional = None attention_mask: Optional = None token_type_ids: Optional = None position_ids: Optional = None head_mask: Optional = None inputs_embeds: Optional = None mc_token_ids: Optional = None labels: Optional = None mc_labels: Optional = None output_attentions: Optional = None output_hidden_states: Optional = None return_dict: Optional = None ) → transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices), optional, default to index of the last token of the input) —
Index of the classification token in each input sequence. Selected in the range [0, input_ids.size(-1) - 1]. torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for language modeling. Note that the labels are shifted inside the model, i.e. you can set
labels = input_ids Indices are selected in [-1, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] All labels set to -100 are
ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size] torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size), optional) —
Labels for computing the multiple choice classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., num_choices]
where num_choices is the size of the second dimension of the input tensors. (see input_ids above) Returns
transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss.
mc_loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when mc_labels is provided) — Multiple choice classification loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
mc_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) — Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choice before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of
shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Examples:
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel
>>> import torch
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> tokenizer.add_special_tokens(
... {"cls_token": "[CLS]"}
... ) # Add a [CLS] to the vocabulary (we should train it also!)
>>> model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer))
>>> choices = ["Hello, my dog is cute [CLS]", "Hello, my cat is cute [CLS]"]
>>> input_ids = torch.tensor([tokenizer.encode(s) for s in choices]).unsqueeze(0) # Batch size 1, 2 choices
>>> mc_token_ids = torch.tensor([input_ids.size(-1) - 1, input_ids.size(-1) - 1]).unsqueeze(0) # Batch size 1
>>> outputs = model(input_ids, mc_token_ids=mc_token_ids)
>>> lm_logits = outputs.logits
>>> mc_logits = outputs.mc_logits( config )
Parameters
The Original OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a sequence classification head on top (linear layer).
OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification uses the last token in order to do the classification, as other causal
models (e.g. GPT-2) do. Since it does classification on the last token, it requires to know the position of the
last token. If a pad_token_id is defined in the configuration, it finds the last token that is not a padding
token in each row. If no pad_token_id is defined, it simply takes the last value in each row of the batch. Since
it cannot guess the padding tokens when inputs_embeds are passed instead of input_ids, it does the same (take
the last value in each row of the batch).
This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass. Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
( input_ids: Optional = None attention_mask: Optional = None token_type_ids: Optional = None position_ids: Optional = None head_mask: Optional = None inputs_embeds: Optional = None labels: Optional = None output_attentions: Optional = None output_hidden_states: Optional = None return_dict: Optional = None ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
Parameters
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size,), optional) —
Labels for computing the sequence classification/regression loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]. If config.num_labels == 1 a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If
config.num_labels > 1 a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy). Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)
A transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example of single-label classification:
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_id = logits.argmax().item()
>>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels)
>>> labels = torch.tensor([1])
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).lossExample of multi-label classification:
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt", problem_type="multi_label_classification")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_ids = torch.arange(0, logits.shape[-1])[torch.sigmoid(logits).squeeze(dim=0) > 0.5]
>>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
... "openai-community/openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels, problem_type="multi_label_classification"
... )
>>> labels = torch.sum(
... torch.nn.functional.one_hot(predicted_class_ids[None, :].clone(), num_classes=num_labels), dim=1
... ).to(torch.float)
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).loss( config *inputs **kwargs )
Parameters
The bare OpenAI GPT transformer model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a keras.Model subclass. Use it as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids)model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids])model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})Note that when creating models and layers with subclassing then you don’t need to worry about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None training: Optional[bool] = False ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters
Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True. bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation). Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(tf.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The TFOpenAIGPTModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTModel
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state( config *inputs **kwargs )
Parameters
OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling head on top (linear layer with weights tied to the input embeddings).
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a keras.Model subclass. Use it as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids)model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids])model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})Note that when creating models and layers with subclassing then you don’t need to worry about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None labels: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None training: Optional[bool] = False ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters
Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True. bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation). tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for computing the cross entropy classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1]. Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (tf.Tensor of shape (n,), optional, where n is the number of non-masked labels, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> logits = outputs.logits( config *inputs **kwargs )
Parameters
OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling and a multiple-choice classification head on top e.g. for RocStories/SWAG tasks. The two heads are two linear layers. The language modeling head has its weights tied to the input embeddings, the classification head takes as input the input of a specified classification token index in the input sequence).
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a keras.Model subclass. Use it as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids)model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids])model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})Note that when creating models and layers with subclassing then you don’t need to worry about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None mc_token_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None training: Optional[bool] = False ) → transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters
Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True. bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation). tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, num_choices), optional, default to index of the last token of the input) —
Index of the classification token in each input sequence. Selected in the range [0, input_ids.size(-1) - 1]. Returns
transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
mc_logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) — Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choice before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Examples:
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> # Add a [CLS] to the vocabulary (we should train it also!)
>>> tokenizer.add_special_tokens({"cls_token": "[CLS]"})
>>> model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer)) # Update the model embeddings with the new vocabulary size
>>> print(tokenizer.cls_token_id, len(tokenizer)) # The newly token the last token of the vocabulary
>>> choices = ["Hello, my dog is cute [CLS]", "Hello, my cat is cute [CLS]"]
>>> encoding = tokenizer(choices, return_tensors="tf")
>>> inputs = {k: tf.expand_dims(v, 0) for k, v in encoding.items()}
>>> inputs["mc_token_ids"] = tf.constant(
... [inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1] - 1, inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1] - 1]
... )[
... None, :
... ] # Batch size 1
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> lm_prediction_scores, mc_prediction_scores = outputs[:2]( config *inputs **kwargs )
Parameters
The OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a sequence classification head on top (linear layer).
TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification uses the last token in order to do the classification, as other causal models (e.g. GPT-2) do.
Since it does classification on the last token, it requires to know the position of the last token. If a
pad_token_id is defined in the configuration, it finds the last token that is not a padding token in each row. If
no pad_token_id is defined, it simply takes the last value in each row of the batch. Since it cannot guess the
padding tokens when inputs_embeds are passed instead of input_ids, it does the same (take the last value in
each row of the batch).
This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads etc.)
This model is also a keras.Model subclass. Use it as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and behavior.
TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input:
The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument:
input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids)model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids])model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids})Note that when creating models and layers with subclassing then you don’t need to worry about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!
( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None labels: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None training: Optional[bool] = False ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
Parameters
Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead. bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True. bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation). tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for computing the cross entropy classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1]. Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)
A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, ), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention heads.
The TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method.
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.
Example:
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_id = int(tf.math.argmax(logits, axis=-1)[0])>>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-community/openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels)
>>> labels = tf.constant(1)
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).loss